Concepts of Object Oriented Programming

The Object Oriented Programming is a  type of programming in which programmers define not only the data type of a data structure, but also the types of operations (functions) that can be applied to the data structure. In this way, the data structure becomes an object that includes both data and functions. In addition, programmers can create relationships between one object and another.

The concepts used in OOPs are

• Objects
• Classes
• Data Abstraction and Data Encapsulation
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism
• Dynamic Binding
• Message Passing

Objetcs

• Object is defined as the basic run time entity that contains data and its related methods.
• Object may be a person, place or any item that the program has to handle.
• The methods are operating on the data.
• The objects may be either physical or logical.
• When a program is executed, the objects interact by sending messages to one another.

Classes

• A class is defined as a collection of Objects with same type of data and functions.
• Once a class is defined we can create number of objects belonging to that class.
• Class is a user defined data type

Data Abstraction

• Abstraction refers to the act of representing essential features without including the back ground details.
• Also by the feature of data abstraction it is possible to create user defined data types and thus increase the power of programming language

Data encapsulation

• Data Encapsulation is the process of combining data and functions into a single unit called class.
• By this method one cannot access the data directly.
• Data is accessible only through the functions present inside the class.
• Data Encapsulation provides data hiding.

Inheritance

• Inheritance is a process of deriving new classes from existing classes.
• The derived classes contain all attributes and functions of existing classes plus its own attributes and functions.
• Existing class is called as Base class or Super class and inherited class is called as Derived class or Sub class.
• The inheritance concept gives data reusability

Polymorphism

• Polymorphism means the ability to take more than one forms.
• An operation may exhibit different behavior in different instances.
• The behavior depends on the type of data used in the operation.

Dynamic Binding

• Binding refers to the connection between the function call and the corresponding function code to be executed.
• Dynamic binding means code associated with the given procedure call is not known until run time.

Message Passing

• Message passing is a process of sending request to execute a function for an object.
• Message passing involves specifying the name of the object, name of the method and the information to be sent. 

Object Oriented Programming Concepts - Presentations: